Valencia, Spain – A city steeped in history and culture, Valencia is currently marking a significant milestone that forever changed one of the world`s most enduring games. The year 2025 signifies the 550th anniversary of the birth of modern chess, a transformative period originating right here in Valencia between 1475 and 1495.
While chess in various forms existed for centuries, it was in Valencia that the game underwent a radical evolution. The most impactful change? The strategic empowerment of the Queen. Previously a piece with limited movement, the Queen was transformed into the dynamic, far-ranging force we recognize today. This revolutionary shift fundamentally altered the game`s strategy and pace, making it infinitely more complex and exciting.
This pivotal moment is documented in the Valencian poem *Scachs d’amor* (Chess of Love), dating to around 1475. The new rules were later codified and disseminated in the world`s first book on modern chess, authored by Francesch Vicent from Segorbe and printed in Valencia on May 15, 1495.
Official Recognition and a Dedicated Chess Day
Recognizing this profound historical contribution, the Valencian Parliament has taken a momentous step by officially decreeing May 15th as the Autonomous Community of Valencia`s annual Chess Day. This decision, receiving unanimous support across political lines, not only honors the printing date of Vicent`s groundbreaking book but also highlights the ongoing cultural and educational benefits attributed to playing chess. It`s a fitting tribute to a region that gifted the world the game in its modern form.
A Legend Visits the Birthplace
Adding international prominence to the anniversary celebrations, five-time World Chess Champion and FIDE Deputy President Viswanathan Anand recently visited Valencia on May 15th and 16th. Anand, a legend in the chess world, was a highly anticipated guest, and his visit exceeded expectations, leaving a lasting impression on fans and officials alike.
During his visit, Anand engaged with various figures, including the Mayor of Valencia, María José Catalá, who expressed immense pride in hosting such a celebrated personality on this historic occasion. Discussions touched upon future collaborations aimed at promoting Valencia`s unique chess heritage globally.
A key part of Anand`s itinerary was a visit to the permanent exhibition, “Valencia, origin of modern chess, 1475.” Guided by researcher José A. Garzón, Anand explored the detailed history of the game`s transformation, viewing reproductions of crucial documents like the *Scachs d’amor* poem and learning how the “game of the lady” (*Axedres de la Dama*) spread the new rules across Europe. The exhibition serves as a tangible link to Valencia`s revolutionary past.
The visit culminated in a masterclass at the University of Valencia`s La Nau Cultural Centre, attracting a packed audience. Anand analyzed some of his most famous games, offering insights into strategy, decision-making, and the creative process in chess. He even invited audience participation, providing a rare, interactive glimpse into a champion`s mind. Appropriately, Anand discussed the strategic depth of the Spanish Opening (Ruy López) and viewed a historical copy of Ruy López de Segura`s influential 1561 chess book housed in the university`s library, drawing a clear line from historical masters to modern grandmasters.
Beyond the official chess events, Anand also had the opportunity to experience Valencia`s rich cultural landscape, visiting historical landmarks and enjoying the local cuisine, further cementing a positive connection with the city.
Valencia`s Enduring Chess Legacy
Viswanathan Anand`s visit and the establishment of an official Chess Day underscore the undeniable historical significance of Valencia. The city is not merely commemorating a past event; it is actively celebrating and promoting its profound legacy as the place where chess gained its modern dynamism through the empowerment of the Queen. These initiatives serve to educate the world about Valencia`s pivotal role, ensuring the story of the game`s transformation remains a celebrated chapter in its history, forging an enduring link between Valencia, Spain, and the global community of chess enthusiasts.
